1.Syntax Error

 Occurs when rules of programming language are violated.
ex.
void main
{
 cout "hello";
}
There are 2 errors :-
main --> main()
cout "hello"; --> cout<< "hello";

2. Semantics error

Occurs when statements are not meaningful.
ex.
X*Y=Z;
it should be Z=X*Y;

3. Type errors

Occurs when a particular data type variable is assigned another type value that it can not convert.
ex.
int a
a="hi";

4. Run time errors

 Occurs during the execution of program caused due to illegal operations. These are sometimes hard to detect as the compiler will not report them.
ex.
int a,b=9,c=0;
a=b/c;
here the program will crash due to DIVIDE ERROR by 0.

5. Logical errors

produces wrong output due to negligence of user.
ex.
ctr=1;
while(ctr>10)
{
cout << n*ctr;
ctr = ctr +1;
}
Here loop would not be executed even once.